![]() Normal viewpoint is how an adult sees the world when standing up. There's no right or wrong choice of viewpoint, it's simply the first decision you make when beginning to plan your composition and figure out the perspective. Linear perspective is worked out according to this viewpoint. Viewpoint is the spot (point) from which you, the artist, is looking at (viewing) the scene. The difference is that I sat on my heels to take the bottom photo. The photos were taken from the same spot. Notice how the strong lines in this scene "move" when the viewpoint is changed from a standing height (top) to a low height (bottom). Take it slowly, one step or term at a time, and get comfortable with a term before moving on to the next. There is a fair bit of terminology used in perspective, and if you try to take it in all at once, it can seem overwhelming. The good news is that learning perspective is like learning how to mix colors. Initially, you have to think about it all the time, but with practice, it becomes increasingly instinctive. You need to have the patience to check the perspective as the painting progresses, and to take the time to fix it. But it's not the basic rules of perspective that are hard, it's the consistent application of the rules to every bit of a painting that's hard. The mere word "perspective" makes many a hand tremor. Perspective is possibly the most feared aspect of learning how to paint. We're still using Alberti's one-vanishing-point system today. Alberti set out his theory in his book "On Painting," published in 1435. (Think of it as light traveling in straight lines.) The Renaissance artist Leon Battista Alberti and architect Filippo Brunelleschi are credited with the "invention" of linear perspective. The system uses straight lines to plot or figure out where things must go. Perspective in Western art is often called linear perspective and was developed in the early 15th century. Perspective is what makes a painting seem to have form, distance, and look "real." The same rules of perspective apply to all subjects, whether it's a landscape, seascape, still life, interior scene, portrait, or figure painting. Perspective is an art technique for creating an illusion of three-dimensions (depth and space) on a two-dimensional (flat) surface. ![]()
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